Ceres was so distraught over the loss of her daughter that she let the crops die and Pluto then made a bargain with her to release Persephone for half the year during the growing season. Pluto was chosen to rein over the underworld and he took for his wife Persephone who was the daughter of Ceres, goddess of corn. There were many gods and goddess born to rein over the earth, sky and Hades. So curious, she opened the box and released all the ills of the world, leaving only hope at the bottom of the box, which she kept. Pandora supposedly was the first woman bringing with her a box. Zeus was so angry and punished him again and also gave him the terrible thing…woman. Prometheus stole fire back in a hollow fennel stem and gave it to man. Zeus became enraged and took fire from man to punish Prometheus. There they killed an ox and Prometheus tricked Zeus and gave him a bag of bones rather than meat. One day Prometheus, who was a cousin of Zeus and friend to mankind, met Zeus in a field of poppies. Some of their children were: Apollo, god of the sun, music and medicine his twin Diana, goddess of the hunt Hercules, man of strength Neptune or Poseidon, god of the ocean and Minerva goddess of crafting and wisdom (she and the Three Graces wove all the clothes and sails for the gods). Zeus was considered the main god of mythology and he married Juno, but he had other wives and lovers. She is associated with the herbs rose and myrtle. Cronus had destroyed his father and threw the body parts into the sea, from which Venus (a.k.a. Zeus was raised by nymphs and when he became of age he overthrew Cronus and made him regurgitate the other children. When Rhea delivered Zeus she hid him in a cave and gave Cronus stones to devour in lieu of the infant Zeus. He took Rhea for his wife and they had many children that Cronus devoured because it had been prophesied one would overthrow him.
They had nymphs, titans, Cyclops and a most wily and terrible son, Cronus (or Saturn) who overthrew his father Uranus. First was Chaos from Chaos came Mother Earth, Gaea, and the starry heavens, Uranus. The genealogy of the mythical characters is interesting, but we will only touch on a few to get us started. Many modern authors have glamorized myths and made them interesting to read. and was the main recorder of most myths, although there were poets who sang hymns and told stories of the mythological characters some 2,000 years before Homer.
They were told to explain dreams or reasoning for certain happenings or to understand their gods. Myths were told or sung to people at least 5,000 years ago. Mythology is the handmaid of literature, and literature promotes happiness.
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